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Showing posts with the label HIV AIDS

Lean Fatty Liver: Why Slim People Get It and What Helps

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Lean fatty liver surprises many people. You are not overweight, you may even be told you look thin, and yet an ultrasound report mentions a fatty liver. This is common in India and the rest of South Asia, and it has a clear explanation. This guide covers why it happens, how it is checked, and the practical steps that help when the scale does not seem to be the problem. Quick answer: Lean fatty liver means fat has built up in the liver in someone with a normal body mass index. In South Asians it is often driven by fat stored around the waist and inside the abdomen, insulin resistance, and a diet heavy in refined carbohydrates and sugar. It is assessed the same way as other fatty liver, and a modest weight loss of around 3 to 5%, better food quality and regular exercise usually help. Key takeaways ✅ A normal BMI does not rule out fatty liver, especially in South Asians. ✅ Waist size often tells more than weight. ✅ The liver scarring check (FIB-4, then a stiffness scan if n...

HIV and AIDS: Symptoms, Tests, Treatment and Prevention

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) attacks the immune system's CD4 cells. Without treatment it slowly weakens the body's defences until serious infections and cancers develop, the stage called AIDS . Today HIV is a manageable long-term condition: with daily treatment, people with HIV can live a normal lifespan, and once the virus is fully suppressed they do not pass it on through sex. In India, testing and treatment are free through the National AIDS Control Programme. Quick answer: HIV often causes no symptoms for years, so the only way to know is a blood test. Some people get a flu-like illness 2 to 4 weeks after infection. Modern tests detect most infections within about 6 weeks, and a repeat test at 3 months confirms a negative result. HIV is prevented by condoms, never sharing needles, testing in pregnancy, and emergency medicine (PEP) started within 72 hours of an exposure. Treatment (ART) is free and lifelong in India. Key takeaways ✅ Get tested if you have eve...